11, 14 The American College of Gastroenterology does not recommend performing colonoscopies on non-bleeding patients with CIBH. 11 – 13 However, CIBH as a sole trigger for fast track colonoscopy evaluation is disputed: a 2008 meta-analysis and a 2011 systematic review found overall poor positive and negative likelihood ratios for CIBH, with a statistical heterogeneity of results between the included studies. 10 Unexplained visible rectal bleeding and iron deficiency anaemia are well-established CRC alarm features that often lead to prompt referrals for colonoscopy. 9 The most common symptoms and clinical features include weight loss, anaemia, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding and change in bowel habit (CIBH). Presenting features of CRC are often non-specific and vary considerably between individuals. ![]() Although screening programmes are highly effective for early diagnosis and prevention, 6, 7 the majority of CRC patients still encounter healthcare services only after symptom manifestation. 4, 5 In an attempt to establish earlier diagnoses, health authorities across Europe have implemented different national screening programmes and symptom-based investigative pathways for CRC. 3 Although 5-year survival rates for CRC are over 90% when diagnosed early, they decrease considerably with cancer stage progression. 2 Overall, CRC has a higher prevalence in men than in women, and the likelihood of developing the condition increases markedly after 50 years of age. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in Europe, 1 with a predicted 98,000 deaths in 2018.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |